After 4 years of age, a child's energy needs per kilogram of bodyweight are decreasing but the actual amount of energy (calories) required increases as the child gets older. From 5 years to adolescence, there is a period of slow but steady growth. Dietary intakes of some children may be less than recommended for iron, calcium, vitamins A and D and vitamin C, although in most cases deficiencies are unlikely, as long as the energy and protein intakes are adequate and a variety of foods, including fruit and vegetables, are eaten.
Regular meals and healthy snacks that include carbohydrate-rich
foods, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, lean meats, fish, poultry, eggs,
legumes and nuts should contribute to proper growth and development without
supplying excessive energy to the diet.
Children need to drink plenty of fluids, especially if it is hot
or they are physically active. Water is obviously a good source of liquid and
supplies fluid without calories. Variety is important in children's diets and
other sources of fluid such as milk and milk drinks, fruit juices and soft
drinks can also be chosen to provide needed fluids.
